Talhah bin Ubaid Allah said: A man from among the people of Najd with disheveled hair came to the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. The humming sound of his voice could be heard but what he was suing could not be understood he came near and it was then known that he was asking about Islam. The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said: Five times of prayer each day and night: He asked: Must I observe any more than them ? He replied: No, unless you do it voluntarily. He (Talhah) said that the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم mentioned fasting during the month of Ramadan. He asked: Must I observe anything else ? He replied: No, unless you do it voluntarily. The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم mentioned Zakat to him. He asked: Must I pay anything else ? He replied: No, unless you do it voluntarily. The man then turned away saying: I swear any Allah, I shall not add anything to this or fall short of it. The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said: The man will be successful if he speaks truth.

This tradition has also been reported by Abu Suhail Nafi bin Malik bin Abi Amir through a different chain of narrators. It adds: He will be successful, by his father, if he speaks the truth; he will enter Paradise, by his father, if he speaks the truth.

Narrated Abdullah Ibn Abbas: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم said: Gabriel صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم led me in prayer at the House (i. e. the Kabah). He prayed the noon prayer with me when the sun had passed the meridian to the extent of the thong of a sandal; he prayed the afternoon prayer with me when the shadow of everything was as long as itself; he prayed the sunset prayer with me when one who is fasting breaks the fast; he prayed the night prayer with me when the twilight had ended; and he prayed the dawn prayer with me when food and drink become forbidden to one who is keeping the fast. On the following day he prayed the noon prayer with me when his shadow was as long as himself; he prayed the afternoon prayer with me when his shadow was twice as long as himself; he prayed the sunset prayer at the time when one who is fasting breaks the fast; he prayed the night prayer with me when about the third of the night had passed; and he prayed the dawn prayer with me when there was a fair amount of light. Then turning to me he said: Muhammad, this is the time observed by the prophets before you, and the time is anywhere between two times.

Ibn Shihab said: Umar bin Abdul Aziz was sitting on the pulpit and he somewhat postponed the afternoon prayer. Urwah bin al-Zubair said to him: Gabriel informed Muhammed صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم of the time of prayer . So Umar said to him: Be sure of what you are saying . Urwah then replied: I heard Bashir bin Abu Masud say that he heard Abu Masud al-Ansari say that he heard the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلمsay: 'Gabriel came down and informed me of the time of prayer, and I prayed along with him, then prayed along with him, then I prayed along with him, then I prayed along with him, then I prayed along with him, reckoning with his fingers five times of the prayer. ' I saw the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم offering the Duhr prayer when the sun had passed the meridian. Sometimes he would delay it when it was sever heat ; and I witnessed that he prayer the Asr prayer when the sun was high and bright before the yellowness had overcome it; then a man could go off after the prayer and reach Dhu'l-Hulaifah before the sunset, and he would pray Maghrib when the sun had set ; and he would pray the 'Isha prayer when darkness prevailed over the horizon; sometime he would delay it until the people assembled; and once he prayer the fair prayer in the darkness of dawn and at another time he prayed it when it became fairly light; but later on he continued to pray in the darkness of dawn until his death; he never prayed it again in the light of the dawn. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been transmitted from al-Zuhri by Mamar, Malik, Ibn Uyainah, Shuaib bin Abi Hamzah, and al-Laith bin Saad and others; but they did not mention the time in which he (the Prophet) had prayer, nor did they explain it. And similarly it has been narrated by Hisham bin Urwah and Habib bin Abu Mazruq from Urwah like the report of Mamar and his companions. But Habib did not make a mention of Bashir. And Wahb bin Kaisan reported on the authority of Jabir from the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم the time of the Maghrib prayer. He said: Next day he (Gabriel) came to him at the time of the Maghrib prayer when the sun had already set. (He came both days) at the same time. Abu Dawud said: Similarly, this tradition has been transmitted by Abu Hurairah from the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. He said: Then he (Gabriel) led me in the sunset prayer next day at the same time. Similarly, this tradition has been narrated through a different chain by Abdullah bin Amr bin al-As, through a chain from Hassan bin Atiyyah, from Amr bin Shuaib, from his father, on the authority from the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم.

Abu Musa reported: A man asked the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم [about the prayer times] but he did reply to him but he commanded Bilal, who made the announcement for the beginning of the time of the the fair prayer prayer when the dawn broke. He offered (the fair prayer) when a man (due to darkness) could not recognize the face of his companion ; or a man could not know the person who stood by his side. He then commanded Bilal who made announcement for the beginning of the time of the Zuhr prayer when the sun had passed the meridian until some said: Has the noon come ? While he (the Prophet) knew (the time) well. He the commanded Bilal who announced the beginning of the time of the Asr prayer when the sun was white and high. When the sunset he commanded Bilal who announced beginning of the time of the Maghrib prayer. When the twilight disappeared he commanded Bilal who announced the beginning of the Isha prayer. Next day he offered the Fajr prayer and returned until we said: Has the sun rise ? He observed the Zuhr prayer at the time he has previously observed the Asr prayer. He offered the Asr prayer at the time when the sun had become yellow or the evening had come. He offered the Maghrib prayer before the twilight had ended. He observed the Isha prayer when a third of the night had passed. He then asked: Where is the man who was asking me about the time of prayer. (Then replying to him he said): The time (of your prayer) lies within these two limits. Abu Dawud said: Sulaiman bin Musa has narrated this tradition about the time of the Maghrib prayer from Musa from Ata on the authority of Jabir from the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. This version adds: He then offered the Isha prayer when a third of the night had passed, as narrated (he said the Isha prayer) when half the night had passed. This tradition has been transmitted by Ibn Buraidah on the authority of his father from the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم in a similar way.

Abdullah bin Amr reported the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying: The time of the Zuhr prayer is as along as the time of the Asr prayer has not come; the time of the Asr prayer is as long as the sun has not become yellow ; the time of the Maghrib prayer is as long as the twilight has not ended; the time of the Isha prayer is up to midnight; and the time of the Fajr prayer is as long as the sun has not risen.

Muhammad bin Amr bin al-Hasan reported: We asked Jabir about the time of the prayer of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. He said: He used to offer the Zuhr prayer in the midday heat, the Asr prayer when the sun was bright, the Maghrib prayer when the sun had completely set, the Isha prayer early when many people were present, but late if there were few, and the Fajr prayer in the darkness (of the dawn).

Abu Barzah reported: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم would offer the Zuhr prayer when the sun had passed the meridian; he would offer Asr prayer after which one of us would visit the skirts of Madina and return him while the sun was still bright; I forgot what he said about the Maghrib prayer; he did not fear postponing the Isha prayer until a third of night had passed, or he said: until the midnight had passed. He would dislike sleeping before it or talking after it. And he would offer the Fajr prayer when a man could recognize his neighbor whom he recognized well; and he would recite from sixty to a hundred verses during it.

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: I would offer my noon prayer with the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم and took a handful of gravels so that they might become cold in my hand and I placed them (before me) so that I may put my forehead on them at the time when I would prostrate. I did this due to the intensity of heat.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: The extent of the shadow when the Messenger of Allah prayed (the noon prayer) was three to five feet in summer and five to seven feet in winter.

Abu Dharr said: We were in the company of the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم. The muadhdhin intended to call for the Zuhr prayer. He said: Make it cooler. He then intended to call for prayer. He said twice or thrice: Make it cooler. We then witnessed the shadow of the mounds. He then said: The intensity of heat comes from the bubbling over of the Hell ; so when the heat is violent, offer (the Zuhr) prayer when it becomes cooler.

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying: When the heat is violent, offer (the Zuhr) prayer when it becomes fairly cool, for the violent heat comes from the bubbling over the Hell.

Jabir bin Samurah reported that Bilal used to call for the noon prayer when the sun had declined.

Anas bin Malik said the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم used to say the Asr prayer when the sun was high and bright and living, then one would go off to al-Awali and get there while the sun was still high.

Al-Zuhri said: Al-Awali is situated at a distance of two miles or three (from Madina). He (the narrator) said: I think he said: or four miles.

Khaythamah said: By the life of the sun is meant that you may find heat in it.

Aishah said: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم would offer the Zuhr prayer while the sunlight was present in her apartment before it ascended (the walls).

Narrated Ali ibn Shayban: We came upon the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم in Madina. He would postpone the afternoon prayer as long as the sun remained white and clear.

Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) reported the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying on the day of Battle of Khandaq (Trench). They (the unbelievers) prevented is from offering the middle prayer i. e. Asr prayer. May Allah fill their houses and their graves with Hell-fire.

Abu Yunus, the freed slave of Aishah said: Aishah commanded me to write for her come passage from the Quran. She also added: When you reach the following verse, inform me: Be guardian of your prayers and of the midmost prayer (2: 238). When I reached it, I informed her. She asked me to write: Be guardians of your prayers, and of the midmost prayer, and of the Asr prayer, and stand up with devotion of Allah (2: 238). Aishah then said: I heard it from the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم.

Zaid bin Thabit said: The Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم used to offer the Zuhr prayer in midday heat; and no prayer was harder on the Companions of the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم that this one. Hence the revelation came down: Be guardians of your prayers, and of the midmost prayer (2: 238). He (the narrator) said: There are two prayers before it and two prayers after it.

Abu Hurairah reported the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying: If anyone says a rak'ah of the Asr prayer before sunset, he has observed (the Asr prayer), and if anyone performs a rak'ah of the Fajr prayer, he has observed (the Fajr prayer).

Ala bin Abdur-Rahman said: We came upon Anas bin Malik after the Zuhr prayer. He stood for saying the Asr prayer. When he became free from praying, we mentioned to him about observing prayer in its early period or he himself mentioned it. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم say: This is how hypocrites pray, this is how hypocrites pray, this is how hypocrites pray: He sits (watching the sun), and when it becomes yellow and is between the horns of the devil, or is on the horns of the devil, he rises and prays for rak'ahs quickly, remembering Allah only seldom during them.

Ibn Umar reported the Messenger of Allah صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم as saying: Anyone who loses his Asr prayer is like a person whose family has perished and whose property has been plundered. Abu Dawud said: Abdullah bin Umar narrated the word utira (instead of wutira, meaning perished). The dispute on this point goes back to Ayyub. Al-Zuhri reported from Salim on the authority of this father from the Prophet صلی ‌اللہ ‌علیہ ‌وسلم the word 'wutira'.

Al-Awzai said: Delaying the Asr prayer means that the sunshine becomes yellow on the earth.